Types and causes of gallstones

Gallstones are a common digestive system disease, which are mainly divided into cholesterol stones, pigment stones and mixed stones. Understanding their types and causes can help prevent and treat them.

1. Types of Gallstones

Cholesterol stones: the most common, mainly formed by cholesterol deposits.

Pigment stones: composed of calcium salts of bilirubin, common in patients with chronic hemolytic anemia.

Mixed stones: composed of a mixture of cholesterol, bile pigments and calcium salts.

2. Causes of Gallstones

Genetic factors: Family history is a significant risk factor for gallstones.

Environmental factors: Lifestyle factors such as a high-fat diet, obesity, and rapid weight loss can increase the risk of gallstones.

Physiological factors: Physiological conditions such as being female, aging, and pregnancy can affect bile composition and increase the possibility of stone formation.

Trauma and pathological factors: Diseases such as cirrhosis and diabetes can change the composition of bile and promote stone formation.

3. Prevention and treatment recommendations

Dietary adjustments: Reduce the intake of high-fat, high-cholesterol foods and eat more fiber-rich foods.

Maintain a healthy weight: Avoid rapid weight loss and maintain moderate exercise.

Drug treatment: For cholesterol stones, ursodeoxycholic acid can be used to dissolve the stones.

Surgical treatment: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy may be considered for severe cases.

Regular physical examinations: Especially those with a family history or high-risk groups should undergo regular ultrasound examinations.

There are many types and causes of gallstones, and understanding them can help you take effective prevention and treatment measures. Through a healthy lifestyle and regular check-ups, you can effectively reduce the risk of gallstones. If you experience related symptoms, you should seek medical attention in time to avoid worsening of the condition.