What are the symptoms of gallstones?

Symptoms of gallstones usually present with abdominal pain, indigestion, etc., which may lead to complications in severe cases. Patients are advised to seek medical attention as soon as obvious symptoms appear to prevent the condition from worsening. The symptoms of gallstones vary depending on the size and location of the stones, but common reactions include the following:

1. Abdominal pain

Abdominal pain caused by gallstones is usually severe cramping in the upper or right upper abdomen, which is usually aggravated after eating high-fat foods. This pain may last from a few minutes to a few hours and radiate to the back or right shoulder. Patients are advised to avoid greasy foods, and those with more severe symptoms should seek medical attention as soon as possible to determine whether surgical intervention is needed.

2. Indigestion, nausea and vomiting

Gallstones interfere with bile secretion and lead to fat digestion disorders, which can cause indigestion symptoms such as bloating, nausea, and belching. Some patients may experience significant discomfort after eating. Symptoms can be relieved by a low-fat diet and regular meals. If symptoms persist, drug treatment or other interventions should be considered.

3. Jaundice and itchy skin

When gallstones block the common bile duct, bile may backflow into the blood, causing yellowing of the skin and sclera (jaundice). Some patients also experience itchy skin. This condition is usually accompanied by fever and chills, which is a manifestation of acute cholangitis. It is an emergency and requires immediate medical attention.

4. Fever and chills

When gallstones are combined with cholecystitis or cholangitis, patients may experience systemic symptoms such as fever and chills. This usually indicates infection and requires antibiotic treatment. In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove the stones or drain them.